Independent researchers from the University of Pennsylvania compiled this report, analyzing the first two of four large encampment closures in Philadelphia’s Kensington neighborhood.

The closures analyzed in this report occurred in spring 2018. Later, the City closed another two encampments, the last on January 31, 2019.

The research team from the University of Pennsylvania’s School of Social Policy & Practice included Stephen Metraux, Ph.D.; Meagan Cusack, M.S.; Fritz Graham, M.P.H.; David Metzger, Ph.D.; and, Dennis Culhane, Ph.D.

The City of Philadelphia funded the report.