CHAPTER 14-100. GENERAL PROVISIONS


§14-102. Definitions. [2]


In Chapters 14-100 through 14-1800 inclusive, the following general definitions shall apply:

(1) General Terminology. "Structure" includes "building"; "occupied" includes "designed or intended to be occupied"; "used" includes "arranged, designed or intended to be used"; the word "shall" is always mandatory; the word "may" is permissive and not mandatory; words used in the singular may include the plural; words used in the plural may include the singular; words used in the present tense include the future tense; words used in the future tense include the present tense; words, phrases and terms not defined herein, but defined in Title 4 (Building Code), shall be construed as defined in Title 4[3]; the text of this Title shall control charts, captions, headings and maps in this Title;[3.1]

(2) Accessory Use. A use, including all necessary public utility facilities, subordinate to and on the same lot as the main use on a lot and customarily incidental to the main use, excluding signs;

(3) Active Space. Space which provides for public activity at the ground floor or concourse of a building, provided that where it abuts a public sidewalk or public space, it is open and accessible or visually accessible to the public; further provided, that the following uses shall qualify as active space: enclosed public space, enclosed gardens, public rooms, and through block connections; entrances to public transit stations and/or the public transit concourse; libraries, museums, galleries and exhibition space; office, hotel and/or theater lobbies; places of worship; retail sales areas and restaurants;

(4) Additional Gross Floor Area. See "Gross Floor Area," §14-102(52)(a);[3.2]

(5) Adult Video Store. An establishment having thirty-three percent (33%) or more of its floor area and/or thirty-three percent (33%) of its stock-in-trade, videos and other visual production materials which are distinguished or characterized by their emphasis on matter depicting, describing or related to "specified sexual activities" or "specified anatomical areas";

(6) Aisle. See "Parking Lots," §14-102(81)(a);[3.3]

(7) Alley. A common right-of-way shared by three (3) or more abutting landowners, which shall not be included as part of the required rear yard or open space of any of the abutting lots and which shall not be obstructed by any of the abutting landowners without the concurrence of all those with deeded rights to the alley;

(8) Amusement Arcade. An establishment which offers to patrons four (4) or more mechanical or electrical amusement devices or games such as pinball machines, ping-pong, darts, shooting galleries or similar devices or games, excluding juke boxes and amusement devices in the establishments regulated by the Liquor Control Board of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, and vending machines for the dispensing of goods;

(9) Antenna. Equipment including antennas, auxiliary structures and cables that transmit and receive radio or other wireless telecommunications signals but not including commercial radio or television broadcasting; provided however that each antenna itself, that portion of the facility propagating and receiving signals, shall not exceed 15 feet;

(10) Arcade. An unobstructed covered passageway located at the ground level of a lot and located either within a building or under a building (when a building is cantilevered in such a manner so as to create a covered passage) and serving to connect public spaces and/or public sidewalks, provided that both sides of the arcade abut active space, public space or public sidewalks;

(11) Architectural Recesses. Portions of a building wall at street level which are set back from the street line so as to create articulation of the building wall and/or to provide space for windows or doors, provided such recesses are not part of the required public space or open space of a lot as required herein;

(12) Area of a Building. See "Occupied Area," Section 14-102(76);[3.4]

(13) Automotive Sales Lot. Any outdoor area or space where more than three (3) motor vehicles for sale to the public may be parked, stored or displayed;

(14) Basement. A story or portion thereof partly, but less than fifty percent (50%) below the average level of the ground surrounding the structure to be counted as a story in computing the number of stories of a structure;

(15) Basic Gross Floor Area. See "Gross Floor Area," §14-102(52)(b);[3.5]

(16) Block. An area of land bounded by streets which are confirmed on the City Plan and legally open;

(17) Block Frontage. The distance along any street line between the nearest streets intersecting it;

(18) Building. A structure having a roof;

(19) Buildings -- Classes.

(a) A detached building is one with no party wall or walls and which has a rear yard, a set-back and two (2) side yards on intermediate lots, or one (1) side yard, a rear yard and two (2) set-backs (when required herein) on corner lots;

(b) A semi-detached building is one (1) of two (2) buildings with a party wall common to both;

(c) An attached building is one with two (2) or more party walls, or one (1) party wall in the case of a building at the end of a group of attached buildings;

(20) Building Set-Back Line. The rear line of the minimum required front yard, as herein designated for each district;

(21) Bus Terminal. Any premises for the transient housing or parking of motor driven buses, and the loading and unloading of passengers;

(22) Cabaret. An adult club, restaurant, theater, hall or similar place which features topless dancers, go-go dancers, exotic dancers, strippers, male or female impersonators or similar entertainers exhibiting specified anatomical areas or performing specified sexual activities;

(23) Cellar. A story or portion thereof, fifty percent (50%) or more below the average level of the ground surrounding the structure, not to be counted as a story in computing the number of stories in a structure;

(24) Cell. An area of coverage that is a separate link in wireless communications;

(25) Cellular service. A wireless telephone or telecommunications service;

(26) Cell Site. A facility which transmits and receives wireless telecommunications signals;

(27) Charts. Use and Zoning Regulations Charts set forth in §14-205;[3.6]

(28) Completely Enclosed Building. A building having walls on all sides and a roof so that the space within said building is enclosed in all directions; provided, however, that where there are pipes, tanks and other apparatus which are themselves complete enclosures, a use carried on therein shall be considered to be within a completely enclosed building;

(29) Connector Space. Public space within a lot which may be open or enclosed and which is designed and/or intended to be used by the public to pass from or through the lot to a public sidewalk, a public transit concourse, a transit station, other public space within the lot, the public space of another lot, entrances to the building or entrances to the retail spaces on a lot, or other public space as defined herein;

(30) Court. An open area other than a front yard, side yard or rear yard on the same lot with the building;

(a) Inner Court. A court which does not extend to a street, alley or yard;

(b) Open Court. A court extending to a street, alley or yard;

(c) Court Between Wings. A court which is formed by three (3) or more parts of the same building or two (2) parts of a building and a lot line and which is open to a street, alley or yard on one (1) side;

(31) Curb Level. The level of the curb in front of a building as established on the confirmed City Plan;

(32) Dance Hall. A use engaged in entertainment which may include live entertainment, a disc jockey or a self-contained sound system providing music; with or without amplified sound which provides for dancing by guests and patrons and which may or may not include the retail sale of food and/or beverages;

(33) Deck/Patio. An open structure at least twelve (12) inches above the ground which is located in the front yard, rear yard, side yard or court of a property;

(34) Dog Kennel. See "Stables," §14-102(116)(b);[3.7]

(35) Drive Through Window. An opening in the wall of a building or structure designed and intended to be used to provide for sales to and/or service to patrons who remain in their vehicles;

(36) Driveway. A common right-of-way shared by three (3) or more abutting landowners, building owners or condominium owners which provides vehicular access to one (1) or more lots or buildings and which shall not be included as part of the required rear yard or open space of any of the abutting lots and which shall not be obstructed by any of the abutting lots and which shall not be obstructed by any of the abutting landowners without the concurrence of all those with legal rights to the driveway;

(37) Driveway -- Parking Lot. See "Parking Lots," §14-102(81)(b);[3.8]

(38) Dwelling. A building, any portion of which is used or intended to be used for living or sleeping by human occupants;

(39) Dwellings -- Classes.

(a) A single-family dwelling shall be a dwelling occupied as the home or residence of one (1) family;

(b) A duplex dwelling shall be a dwelling occupied as the home or residence of two (2) families, under one (1) roof, each family occupying a single unit;

(c) A multiple dwelling shall be a dwelling occupied by three (3) or more families, including rooming and boarding houses and similar dwellings, except hotels, apartment hotels and motels;

(d) "Detached Dwelling," "Semi-Detached Dwelling," and "Attached Dwelling," see "Buildings," § 14-102(19);[3.9]

(40) Enclosed Building. See "Completely Enclosed Building," § 14-102(28);[3.10]

(41) Enclosed Public Space. Public space which is designed and intended to be used by the public and which may be totally enclosed by walls and a roof which are partially made of glass or other transparent material so as to allow for year-round climate controlled usage of the space and which has no floor area above its roof;

(42) Entry Arcade. An arcade which provides public access to building entrances, retail space and/or public space;

(43) Exceptional Public Benefit. Space and/or improvements which are provided for the use by and benefit of the public, and for which incentive gross floor area is permitted in certain districts contained herein;

(44) Family. A person living independently or a group of persons living as a single household unit using housekeeping facilities in common, but not to include more than three persons unrelated by blood, marriage or adoption;

(45) Farmer’s Market. An area, which may or may not be in a completely enclosed building, where on designated days and times, growers and producers of horticultural and agricultural products may sell those products directly to the public.[4]

(46) Fence. An unroofed barrier forming a partially enclosed structure used to limit ingress or egress to a lot or portion of a lot, including retaining walls, and which is constructed of wood, metal or masonry materials that are designed and intended to be used primarily for the construction of fences;

(47) Floor. A story of a building;[4.1]

(48) Floor Area Ratio. A ratio determined by dividing the gross floor area of all buildings on a lot by the area of that lot;

(49) Front Yard. See "Yard," § 14-102 (134)(a);[4.2]

(50) Garage. A building or other structure or part thereof used primarily for the housing, parking or storage of motor vehicles, including the following types:

(a) Private Dwelling Garage. A building, structure or part thereof for the parking, storage, housing or keeping of passenger vehicles by the owner or tenant of the premises, as an accessory use to a permitted use as a dwelling and not exceeding a maximum depth of 25 feet and a maximum width of 35 feet;[5]

(b) Private Garage. A building, structure or part thereof in which more than three (3) motor vehicles may be parked, stored, housed or kept and which are not used for transient public parking, but which are for the private use of the owners, tenants, customers or visitors of a premises, excluding Private Dwelling Garages;[5.1]

(c) Public Garage. A building, structure or part thereof in which more than three (3) motor vehicles may be parked, stored, housed or kept for transient public parking;[5.2]

(51) Garden. The garden is public space which is part of a residential or hotel development where over fifty percent (50%) of the gross floor area of the building is used for residential units or hotel rooms. Such space is designed to provide visual relief for the public. Gardens need not provide for direct public access or seating, and may be open or partially or totally enclosed;

(52) Gross Floor Area. The sum, in square feet, of the gross horizontal areas of all the floors of a building, measured from the exterior faces of the exterior walls or center lines of walls separating two (2) buildings, including: (a) porches (whether enclosed or unenclosed), (b) elevator shafts and stairwells on each floor, and (c) attic space (whether finished or unfinished), interior balconies, mezzanines, basements, penthouses, and mechanical equipment areas with a structural headroom of seven and a half feet or more; but excluding: (a) terraces, overhangs and uncovered steps, (b) cellars, (c) accessory off-street parking (except in "C-4," "C-5," "RC-4" and "RC-5" Districts) or loading spaces, (d) enclosed public space (e.g., atriums, winter gardens), and (e) attics, basement bulkheads, and penthouses for elevators or mechanical equipment, and other spaces with structural headroom of less than seven and a half feet;

(a) Additional Gross Floor Area. Gross floor area which is in addition to the basic gross floor area and which is permitted when developments conform to the requirements of various districts contained herein;

(b) Basic Gross Floor Area. The amount of gross floor area permitted and specified in various districts contained herein;

(c) Incentive Gross Floor Area. Gross floor area which is in addition to the basic gross floor area and additional gross floor area and which is permitted when developments conform to the requirements of various districts contained herein;

(d) Net Leasable Area. Net leasable area shall mean the total of all gross floor area of a building within interior walls, excluding square footage devoted to the following service areas including rubbish rooms and custodians closets, space used for vestibules, stairways, escalators and elevators; areas used for electrical, telephone, computer or mechanical equipment; loading docks and receiving areas; non-occupied areas devoted to building structure, support or aesthetics; mall and concourse areas not occupied by retail kiosks and/or vendor stands; public seating areas (not including restaurant and cafe seating); public walkways, and other areas devoted to public uses within the mall or concourse; public rest rooms;[6]

(e) Unused Gross Floor Area. The amount of gross floor area remaining after the total gross floor area of all buildings and structures existing on the lot is deducted from the permitted gross floor area of the lot;

(53) Ground Floor. The first floor of a building at the average ground level at the front of the building; in the case of buildings with two (2) street frontages, the ground floor level may be an average of ground level of the two (2) street frontages; provided, within the flood plains of the Schuylkill River and Delaware River, the ground floor shall be defined as the first floor of the building measured one foot above the one hundred (100) year flood elevation;

(54) Group Dwellings. One (1) or more structures intended for single-family, two-family, or multi-family occupancy on a lot. A structure for group dwellings shall be defined as any space enclosed within continuous exterior walls;

(55) Height of a Structure. The vertical distance from the average ground level at the base of the structure to the top of the structure; provided, that if height is measured on a gable wall of a building, the top of the building shall be considered to be the mean height between the eaves and the ridge;

(56) Height Limit. A vertical distance fixed in certain districts contained herein and measured from the average ground level at the base of the structure;

(57) Hospital/Medical Center. An institution specializing in giving clinical, temporary and emergency services of a medical or surgical nature to human patients, and licensed by State law to provide facilities and services in surgery, obstetrics and general medical practice. Such institutions include allied and adjunct medical facilities such as medical schools, nursing schools, student residences, laboratories, research facilities, out-patient treatment and medical offices which may be in the same building or separate buildings, provided, this does not include non-accessory, non-adjacent or independently operated medical office buildings, group medical practices or laboratories;

(58) Hotel/Motel. Ten (10) or more dwelling units devoted to the temporary housing of guests where rents are charged by the day and having on-site parking spaces or off-site valet parking spaces and which may have accessory commercial facilities for the use of its guests. Hotels shall include apartment hotels, motels, motor courts and motor inns;

(59) Incentive Gross Floor Area. See "Gross Floor Area," §14-102(52)(c);[6.1]

(60) Kiosk. A structure which may be constructed somewhere other than the lot on which it is placed or which is comprised of parts which are constructed elsewhere and assembled on a lot, and which is designed and intended to be used primarily for retail sale, display and accessory advertising of food or merchandise;

(61) Legally Required Windows. Windows required in certain rooms of dwellings, according to the provisions of Title 7[7] of The Philadelphia Code;

(62) Loading Space. Required off-street spaces within a lot, the first of which shall be not less than eleven feet wide, sixty feet long, and having a minimum clear height of fourteen feet (unless specified otherwise herein), for the parking of a vehicle while loading or unloading merchandise or materials; provided, that open air loading spaces must comply with all side yard and rear yard requirements and may not be situate in any required set-back;

(63) Lot. A parcel of land consisting of a horizontal plane bounded by vertical planes which comprise its front, side and rear lot lines and which is intended or designed to be used, developed or built upon as a unit;

(64) Lot Area. The total area of the horizontal plane of a lot width at ground level;

(65) Lot, Corner. Any lot bounded on two (2) or more adjoining sides by streets;

(66) Lot, Intermediate. Any lot other than a corner lot;

(67) Lot Line. A boundary line of a lot delineating one lot from another or from a street or any public or private means of vehicular and/or pedestrian traffic;

(68) Lot Width. Lot width as required in this Title shall be measured along the rear of the required front yard;

(69) Medical Center. See "Hospital/Medical Center," § 14-102(57);[7.1]

(70) Mobile Home or Modular Home. A building intended to be used as a dwelling which may be constructed somewhere other than the lot on which it is placed or which is comprised of parts which are constructed elsewhere and assembled on a lot;

(71) Motel. See "Hotel/Motel," § 14-102(45);[7.2]

(72) Motor Trailer. Any vehicle used or so constructed so as to permit its being used as a dwelling or sleeping place for one (1) or more persons, and so designed that it is or may be mounted on wheels and used as a conveyance propelled or drawn by its own or other motive power;

(73) Net Leasable Area. See "Gross Floor Area," §14-102(52)(d);[7.3]

(74) Night Club. A use engaged in the preparation and retail sale of food and/or beverages which includes live entertainment, a disc jockey or a self-contained sound system providing music; with or without amplified sound and which may or may not provide for dancing by guests and patrons;

(75) Observation Room/Deck. Space which is designed and intended to be used by the public and which may be within a building or in the open air and which is maintained so as to be open and available to the public during the hours the building is open to the public, provided, such space must be located at or above the highest occupied floor of a building or at or above the thirtieth floor of a building thirty (30) stories or more in height;

(76) Occupied Area. The total of the areas of all buildings on the lot. The area of each building is the area of a horizontal section of such building on any floor at or above ground level taken at its greatest outside dimensions, including all structures, except fences;

(77) Open Area. Area or space at the ground level, transit concourse level, or any floor level which is open to the sky;

(78) Open Space. Area or space at ground floor level or below ground floor level which is open to the sky;

(79) Openings and Entranceways. An unobstructed space in a wall or fence, located at street level, which is designed and intended to allow access to or through a building and/or public space by the tenants of the building and/or the general public;

(80) Open Storage. Storage in the open air, within a fenced area or within a structure without a roof;

(81) Parking Lots. Any outdoor area or space for the parking of motor vehicles, including spaces, aisles and driveways, provided, spaces shall not be located in any set-back area or rear yard required herein;

(a) Aisle. Any area of a parking lot immediately abutting a parking space which is used to provide vehicular ingress and egress between a parking space and a driveway, provided, aisles shall not be located in any set-back area or rear yard required herein;

(b) Driveway. Any area of a parking lot connecting an aisle to a public street which does not provide direct ingress and egress to any parking space;

(c) Private Parking Lot. A parking lot where more than three (3) motor vehicles may be parked or kept without any charge;

(d) Public Parking Lot. A parking lot where more than three (3) motor vehicles may be parked or kept for a charge, fee or other consideration;

(82) Party Wall. A wall used or adapted for use in common, as part of two (2) or more buildings on separate lots;

(83) Patio. See "Deck/Patio," § 14-102 (33);[7.4]

(84) Penal and Correctional Institution (private). An institution operated by a private party under contract with the City of Philadelphia, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania or the federal government for the confinement of offenders sentenced by a court and still under the jurisdiction of a court;[8]

(85) Penal and Correctional Institution (public). An institution operated by the City of Philadelphia, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania or the federal government for the confinement of offenders sentenced by a court and still under the jurisdiction of a court;[9]

(86) Performance Space. Space within a lot or building which is open and available to the public and which is designed and intended to be used for live presentations of performing arts and/or public presentations, speeches, debates or discussions;

(87) Personal Communications System or PCS. Wireless telecommunications service providers that include voice, data and video which occupy approximately the 2 Gigahertz spectrum;

(88) Plaza. Space which is designed and intended to be used by the public and which is open to the sky and directly accessible to the public street and/or public transit concourse;

(89) Pool Rooms. An establishment which provides two (2) or more tables for the playing of pool and/or billiards;

(90) Premises. A lot including all buildings and structures erected thereon;

(91) Principal Building. A building in which the primary use of the lot on which the building is located is conducted;

(92) Principal Use. The main use and primary purpose of a lot or structure as distinguished from an accessory use;

(93) Private Dwelling Garage. See "Garages," §14-102(50)(a);[9.1]

(94) Private Garage. See "Garages," §14-102(50)(b);[9.2]

(95) Private Parking Lot. See "Parking Lots," §14-102(81)(c);[9.3]

(96) Private Stables. See "Stables," §14-102(116)(a);[9.4]

(97) Public Garage. See "Garages," §14-102(50)(c);[9.5]

(98) Public Parking Lot. See "Parking Lots," §14-102(81)(d);[9.6]

(99) Public Meeting Space. Space within a lot or building which is open and available to the public and which is designed and intended to be used for public meetings, presentations, speeches, debates and/or discussions;

(100) Public Room. Public space which is totally within a building, but which allows for year-round, climate controlled use by the public and which has direct access to the public street, transit concourses and/or transit stations;

(101) Public Space. Space within a lot or building which is open and available to the public and which is designed and intended to be used by the general public; such space may consist of open space, enclosed public space, public rooms, gardens and/or connector public space;

(102) Public Stables. See "Stables," §14-102(116)(b);[9.7]

(103) Public Transit Concourse. The network of interconnected spaces below the street level which provide ingress and egress to public transit and/or railway stations from street level and/or buildings;

(104) Rear Yard. See "Yard," § 14-102 (134)(c);[9.8]

(105) Rear Yard Area. Open space in the rear yard of a building which is required for each family in certain districts, measured from the rear most portion of the building to the rear lot line;

(106) Restaurant. A use engaged in the preparation and retail sale of food and beverages, including the sale of alcoholic beverages and which does not provide live entertainment;

(107) Restaurant (Take-out). A use engaged in the preparation and retail sale of food and beverages which serves food and/or beverages in disposable packaging and/or containers for consumption by patrons on or off the premises, including but not limited to delicatessens;

(108) Seating Space. A seating space in a place of public assembly shall be considered as a fixed permanent seat; provided, in the case of bleachers, benches or the flat tops of walls, seating shall be eighteen inches wide and sixteen inches deep; provided, that seating thirty inches or more in depth shall count double when access is provided to both sides; further provided, in the case of open floor area used for temporary seating purposes, an area of nine square feet per seat;

(109) Sell-Through Window. An opening in the wall of a building or structure designed and intended to be used to provide for sales to and/or service to patrons who remain outside of the building or structure;

(110) Separate Buildings. Where any building is subdivided into separate units, floors or portions of floors which are not interconnected and served by a common entranceway to other units, floors or portions of floors, each subdivision of the structure shall be considered a separate building, provided, that each separate building may have additional entranceways serving the ground floor or portions thereof;

(111) Set-Back. The distance required between the street line and the building set-back line;

(112) Set-Back Line. A line equidistant from the street line and not less distant therefrom than the minimum distance required for building set-backs in each district in which set-backs are required;

(113) Side Yard. See "Yard," § 14-102 (134)(b);[9.9]

(114) Sign. A name, identification, description, emblem, display, device or structure which is affixed to, or printed on, or represented directly or indirectly upon a building, structure, or parcel of land; which is illuminated or non-illuminated; visible or intended to be visible from any public place; and which directs attention to a person, place, product, institution, business, organization, activity or service. Signs shall also include any permanently installed or situated merchandise, including any banner, pennant, placard or temporary sign, with the exception of window displays and national flags;

(a) Animated Sign or Flashing Sign. A sign with action or motion, flashing color changes, or upon which illumination is not maintained at a constant stationary intensity and/or color, not including wind activated elements such as flags and banners nor a sign giving time and/or temperature;

(b) Accessory Sign or On-Premise Sign. A sign containing copy which directs attention to information, identification or advertisements strictly incidental to a lawful use of the premises on which the sign is located. This includes signs or devices indicating the business transacted; services rendered; goods sold or produced on the premises; and, name or emblem of the person, firm, institution, organization or activity occupying the premises;

(c) Building Logo Sign. An accessory sign containing copy limited to an identification of the building on which the sign is located, including corporate logos, building names, company names or addresses;

(d) Commercial Sign. A sign containing copy limited to a lawful message that relates primarily to the economic interests of the publisher or its audience or directs attention to a business, industry, profession or commodity, product or service offered for sale;

(e) Directional Sign. A sign containing copy limited to a lawful message that primarily directs pedestrian and/or vehicular traffic to a point of destination;

(f) Free-Standing Sign. Any sign which is supported by a structure of one (1) or more columns, uprights, or braces erected in or upon the ground;

(g) Highway Directional Sign. An official highway directional sign or other official sign authorized by a City, State, or Federal agency;

(h) Non-Accessory Sign. See "Outdoor Advertising Sign," § 14-102(114)(k);[9.10]

(i) Non-Commercial Sign. A sign containing copy limited to a lawful message that does not relate primarily to the economic interests of the publisher or its audience or direct attention to a business, industry, profession or commodity, product or service offered for sale;

(j) On-Premise Sign. See "Accessory Sign," § 14-102(114)(b);[9.11]

(k) Outdoor Advertising or Non-Accessory Sign. A sign which directs attention to a business, industry, profession, commodity, service, organization, activity, institution, product, or entertainment neither sold, located nor offered upon the property where the sign is situated;

(l) Portable Sign. A sign which is not permanently affixed to a building, structure, column, upright or brace, and which is intended to be and is capable of being moved from one location to another; including signs which are trailers or are affixed thereto, but not including signs affixed to operative and currently registered motor vehicles;

(m) Projecting Sign. A sign which extends more than twelve inches from the building or structure wall, which uses a building or structure wall as its main source of support and whose copy is other than parallel to the building facing;

(n) Public Service Sign. A sign which gives public service information such as time, date, temperature, weather or similar information;

(o) Revolving Sign. A sign, any portion of which rotates;

(p) Roof Sign. A sign erected upon or above a roof or parapet wall of a building and which is supported by said building;

(q) Temporary Sign. A sign which is intended to advertise community or civic projects, construction projects, real estate for sale, rent or lease, or special events;

(r) Wall Sign. A sign which is in any manner fixed to, printed or painted on any exterior wall of a building or structure and which projects no more than twelve inches from the building or structure wall and which does not extend above the parapet eaves or building facade; provided, the copy area of such signs remains parallel to the building facing on which it is located; and further provided, that signs erected upon and not extending more than three feet above the roof or top of a marquee, canopy or architectural projection shall be considered a wall sign;

(115) Sign Area. The part of a sign which is measured for purposes of conformance to the various sign dimension provisions as set forth in this Title. The area of a sign shall include any lettering, copy and/or illustrations and any background created so as to distinguish the sign and/or the message contained therein from the building or structure upon which the sign is located, provided that, the sign area of a free-standing sign shall include all elements of the sign structure, except any supporting columns, uprights or braces;

(116) Stables.

(a) Private Stable. A building for housing domestic animals when not conducted as a business;

(b) Public Stables or Dog Kennels. Any place or premises where dogs or other animals are sequestered during or for the primary purpose of boarding, training or breeding;

(117) Standard Industrial Classification Manual. A manual prepared by the Executive Office of the President, Bureau of the Budget, Technical Committee on Industrial Classification, Office of Statistical Standards 1957, and all subsequent revisions thereof;

(118) Story. A complete horizontal dimension of a building, comprising the area between two adjacent levels or between an adjacent level and the roof;[9.12]

(119) Street. A strip of land, including the entire right-of-way, confirmed upon the City Plan, intended for use as a means of vehicular and/or pedestrian traffic, but not including limited access highways;

(120) Street Line. The outward edge of a street confirmed on the City Plan;

(121) Structural Elements. The components of a building that are necessary to the stability of the building;

(122) Structure. Any type or form of construction above the ground;

(123) Studio. An enclosed space used by anyone engaged in artistic employment or instruction in painting, sculpture, photography, music, dancing, dramatics, literature or the like;

(124) Telephone Exchange Building. A building used exclusively for the transmission and exchange of telephone message, but the term shall not include wireless service towers;

(125) Temporary Public Parking Lot. A non-accessory public parking lot located on a parcel of land which is planned for future development by its owner and which has been designated as an interim use and which has been authorized as a temporary public parking lot by the issuance of a Zoning Board of Adjustment Special Use Permit for a period of time not to exceed five (5) years;

(126) Through-Block Pedestrian Walkway. A walkway or corridor which is designed and intended to be used by the public, which provides public access through a building’s public space, which is bounded on both sides by active space or public space, and which connects two (2) parallel streets confirmed on the City Plan at fifty feet or more in width;

(127) Trailer Camp. Any place or premises adapted for parking or used for parking one or more motor trailers for living and/or sleeping purposes, or any place or premises used or held out to the public for the purpose of supplying motor trailers for living and/or sleeping purposes, whether or not such motor trailers stand on wheels or rigid supports;

(128) Unused Gross Floor Area. See "Gross Floor Area," §14-102(52)(e);[9.13]

(129) Vendor Stand. Any cart, table, equipment or apparatus which is not a structure, which is designed and intended so as to not be a permanent fixture on a lot, and which is used for the retail sale, display and accessory advertising of merchandise or food;

(130) Wholesale Business. The sale of goods, merchandise or commodities to retailers and others for resale;

(131) Wireless Service Facilities. Towers, antennas, equipment, equipment buildings and other facilities used in the provision of wireless services, but not to include antennas to be placed on existing structures;

(132) Wireless Services. Any PCS, cellular service, paging service or any other wireless telecommunications service, provided, however, that this definition shall not include satellite dishes or other service exempted from regulation under the Act;

(133) Wireless Service Towers. Towers, monopoles or poles used for the provision of wireless services;

(134) Yard. An open, unoccupied space on the same lot with a building, open and unobstructed from the ground or any floor level to the sky, designated as follows:

(a) Front Yard. A yard, the width of which is measured from one side line of the lot to another side line of the lot, located between the street line and the front of any building or structure (not including fences) not less in depth for its entire width than the minimum distance required between the street line and the building set-back line in each district, subject to § 14-1402 (5);

(b) Side Yard. A yard between any building or structure (not including fences) and the side line of the lot, or the nearest side line of a street, driveway or alley, extending from the front yard to the rear yard, and not less in width for its entire depth than the required side yard minimum width in each district, subject to § 14-1402 (5). In the case of buildings located on a corner lot, the side yard located on the intersecting street shall be considered a set back and shall conform to the required set-back;[9.14]

(c) Rear Yard. A yard, the width of which is measured from one side line of the lot to another side line of the lot, located between the extreme rear line or any building or structure (not including fences) and the extreme rear line of the lot, or the nearest side line of a street, driveway or alley, not less in depth for its entire width than the required rear yard minimum depth in each district, subject to § 14-1402 (5).